Demineralization is a basic ion-exchange technology which is used in the field where the consumer requires water free from ionic contaminations. It is called high-purity water which is required in many laboratory and industrial applications. Water of this quality can be produced by de-ionization process.

​The two most common types of deionization are :

• Two-bed deionization
• Mixed-bed deionization

The two-bed deionizer consists of two vessels - one containing a cation-exchange resin in the hydrogen(H+) form and the other containing an anion- exchange resin in the hydroxyl (OH-) form. Water flows through the cation column, where upon all the cations are exchanged for hydrogen ions. During the process we have to balance every monovalent Cation e.g. Na+, one hydrogen ion is exchanged and for every divalent cation, e.g. Ca2+ or Mg2+, two hydrogen ions, in order to keep them electrically balanced. The same principle applies when considering anion exchange. The decatanized water then flows through the anion column. This time all the negatively changed ions are exchanged for hydroxide ions which then combine with the hydrogen ions to form water (H2O).

​M.B. Plant

It is a Single Pressure vessel system where both cation-exchange and anion-exchange resins are togetherly mixed and provided in order to balance the ions which makes it a mix-bed deionizer. It is found more effective as compared to the two-bed deionizer series. But to keep up the electrical balance and to removed the ionic contamination. The series of DM + MB Plant observed more effective in practical field, producing high purity of water.

Although more efficient in purifying the incoming feed water, mixed-bed plants are more sensitive to impurities in the water supply and involve a more complicated regeneration process. Mixed-bed deionizers are normally used to 'polish' the water to higher levels of purity after it has been initially treated by either a two-bed deionizer or a reverse osmosis unit.